The+Underground+Railroad+and+Harriet+Tubman


 * ​ The Underground Railroad and Harriet Tubman**


 * What I already know-

Who?** Slaves and anti slavery helpers, such as Harriet Tubman.
 * What?** It was a series of routes for slaves to secretly move to find freedom.
 * Where?** The Northern and Southern States.
 * When?** During the Civil War.(1860's)
 * How?** Many different routes were created that allowed slaves, and their anti slavery movement helpers, get to freedom. There was a vast amount of people working together to help out one another.
 * How did this impact the class topic or vice versa?** The Underground Railroad coincided with the efforts of the Civil War to free slaves.


 * My research questions-**


 * Who?** What types of people(farmers helpers, cotton gin workers, plantation workers, etc.) got to escape with the help of the Underground Railroad? Did children travel the journey with their parents, or were they separated for safety reasons?
 * What?** What did the routes look like? What would happen if the railroad was discovered?
 * Where?** Where was the Underground Railroad first established?
 * When?** When did the Underground Railroad stop journeying slaves across to freedom, and why? When did Harriet Tubman escape?
 * How?** How did the railroad operate so secretly? How might this help us learn from the past today? How did Harriet Tubman escape slavery?
 * How did this impact the class topic or vice versa?** The class topic impacted the Underground Railroad in many ways. First of all, slavery was a major problem during the war. This caused many to become upset, and therefore, think of ways to escape the misery. The Underground Railroad was one of those ways. Also, slavery caused many people to become angry. With anger, there came many other issues. Issues such as disgraceful behavior from the slaves and their owners, disputes, corrupt behavior, and even war.


 * My Research Strategy-

Who?** I could ask Ms.Horn and Ms.Brem for help during my class period. I could also ask my social studies teacher, another librarian or teacher, and my classmates.
 * What?** Books, encyclopedias, time lines, and databases.
 * When?** During class, at SMART Time, or at home.
 * Where?** I'll use the library, the computer, prior knowledge, and books.
 * How?** I will use my research questions, any prior knowledge, my textbook, any other books, notes, and my thesis statement.
 * Key Words for Searching-** "Underground Railroad", "Harriet Tubman", "slaves", "routes", "Civil War", "Abolitionist Movement", and "key helpers involved in the Underground Railroad."

__Draft__
The Underground Railroad and Harriet Tubman

==== **Paragraph 1** The Underground Railroad was a great way for slaves to escape the hardships of their living conditions. It gave them hope and perserverence, determination and strength. It was also a major contribution to the Civil War. The Underground Railroad consisted of secretive language that was known only to slaves and their helpers. This language was put into place so that others would not figure out what was happening during the war. Slaves were given the title freight, and hiding places stations. The list went on and on, as did the transportation.(Underground Railroad). Knowing that the slaves used a secret language makes the risk factors a lot lower, considering the slaves are traveling so far. With their new terms and names put into place, the railroad was all set to go. ====

==== The number of individuals from the North who worked on and/or supported the Underground Railroad was very small. Many people did not welcome slaves at all. During 1804, the state of Ohio decided to pass a law that prohibited any runaway slaves from coming into their state. (The Underground Railroad: Myths of the Underground Railroad). While many people think that the Northerners helped out the slaves, the slaves know that few actually did. This is important to know because it shows that, while slaves did depend on some Northerners, they mostly relied on each other. ====

==== Harriet Tubman, a woman with much determination, was very proud of her work with the Underground Railroad. Afraid of getting caught caused Tubman to be very secretive about her routes and plans. In fact, she was wanted by many Maryland planters at the time.(Harriet Tubman). Harriet Tubman was a major contribution to the Underground Railroad. Many hours and days went into her secretive work, causing her to be very respected by the slaves. It is important that we learn about her because she is such a strong woman with an amazing story. Without Harriet, many slaves would have never made it to freedom. ====

==== **Paragraph 2** Many slaves chose to disobey their owners during the Civil War. They felt outraged and taken advantage of. With that feeling in their system, the rebellious slaves set out to gain revenge. The whites, on the other hand, felt as if they were threatened by the slaves’ very presence. A vast number of women left the countryside in fear of the slaves. To calm the fear, slave patrols disciplined slaves and often beat them, sometime until they were dead. These events caused the slaves to resist even more to let their voice be heard.(Engs). This issue is one not to be taken lightly. Yes, it may be wrong for slaves to rebel, but it was also very wrong for the white owners to beat and torture their slaves. This leads many to believe that rebelling was right on their part. Nobody deserves to be treated like that. The good out of this bad situation is that it helps us with history. We have learned to not make cruel decisions like that anymore, as well as laws to prevent it from ever happening. ====

==== One child remembers his or her mother being beat all over because she requested to see her sick son. "I remember seeing my mother beat all over the head and back one day as she was sweeping the floor, because she asked her mistress to let her go see my little sick brother..."(Winegarten). This quote is really important because it shows just how slaves were treated back then. The mother just asked to see her sick son, as any mom would, but she was rejected. If it were a white woman, she sure would not even have to ask to see her striving son. The treatment between the two races was very different. This information is important to know because it shows us that equality was not equal at all. ====

==== **Paragraph 3** There were many people who helped out with the Underground Railroad, and Harriet Tubman was one of the many. Harriet Tubman was a very, very brave woman with a huge heart. She journeyed to dangerous slave countries as many as 19 times by 1860, which is considered to be a major leap of faith. Tubman also took another risk to save her parents, who were getting old and probably could not have made it without her.(Harriet Tubman). This is important to know because we need to see what kind of risks Harriet Tubman, and others, had to take. Many think that it would be easy to travel across states to make it to freedom. In reality, it is very dangerous. ====

==== The fines and punishments that assistants to the Underground Railroad were great- and sometimes even fatal. Helping, or evening holding, an owned slave was a dangerous act to perform. Gracious whites still continued to take the risk, though they knew of the consequences.(Underground Railroad). It is important to know that people did know the consequences, yet they still helped the slaves in any way that they could. So, no, not all of the whites were rude to the slaves. Some even bought a whole family of slaves just so that they could be together. Many individuals came together to work as one, proving that coming together can only make you stronger. ====

==== Rebellious slaves went to find freedom on the Underground Railroad. Anywhere and everywhere away from the cruel life worked for them, even though the places they ended up did not always offer many goods. A vast number of the slaves were very willing to make sacrifices to end up in a safe place where they could call home, at least for the time being.(Sawyer). A diffrent perspective on this issue has shown that mostly all of the slaves were willing to be rebellious and take risks. To find freedom in the enslaved world that they faced every day was like finding gold in what people though was an empty mine during a depression. The very gold that they found represented money, a fresh start and more opportunities. Very unexpected and hard to find, yet a miracle. ==== ====**Paragraph 4 and Conclusion** There were some good outcomes of the Civil War and its hardships. Although many were shaken by the war, a significant amount of people were touched, and even changed. Harriet Tubman was most definitely a changed person after she crossed the Mason-Dixon line. After making the tough journey, she looked up at the sun, which was like gold to her eyes, and felt as if she was floating. For the rest of her days, Tubman would contribute to others in many ways, including making it to freedom.(The American Civil War). It is important to see how Harriet Tubman, and others, felt after they completed the railroad. The slaves would now be able to tell their friends and others about the wonderful feeling you get after you cross the safe line. Communication to other slaves was vital back then, so letting others know that there was good out of the situation made the journey with success an easy one.==== ==== The Underground Railroad brought many individuals together to work as one. "The network provided an opportunity for sympathetic white Americans to play a role in resisting slavery, and brought together, however uneasily at times, men and women of both races to begin to set aside assumptions about the other race and to work together on issues of mutual concern."(Aboard the Underground Railroad). It is important for us to learn about the two races coming together. Many never really consider white's helping the slaves. A lot of people come to the conclusion that they didn't want anything to do with them. By learning about this, we find out that we are wrong. It is a really good thing that they came to the slaves rescue, though. We all need to know that opinions and thoughts that were once bad can be made good again.==== ====Overall, the Underground Railroad was a great way to overcome differences and come to an agreement. The railroad brought many together, as well as strenghtned ongoing ones. Many slaves were able to eliminate internal and external conflicts within themselves, and everyone around them. All of the work that went into the Underground Railroad definitely paid off!==== Paraphrase || No quotes or paraphrasing used. || Very few quotes or paraphrases included, no parenthetical references. || Some errors in quoting or paraphrasing and/or a few missing parenthetical references. || Several quotes and paraphrased pieces of information in each body paragraph, all with parenthetical references. || 4 ||
 * || 1 || 2 || 3 || 4 || Score ||
 * Thesis || No thesis. || Thesis is present in introductory paragraph but is not well-written. || Thesis included in introductory paragraph is satisfactory if a bit obvious. || Thesis included in introductory paragraph is well-written and interesting. || 3 ||
 * Flow || Paper is difficult to read and understand. || Paper is full of short, choppy sentences and topic shifts with no transitions. || Some use of transitional words and phrases but the paper is a bit choppy at times. || Use of transitional words and phrases as well as topic sentences makes the paper easy to read from start to finish. || 4 ||
 * Quotes/
 * Commentary / “My Ideas” || No commentary. || Commentary lacking in a few places. || Commentary included with each quote or paraphrase, but it is a bit obvious or repetitive. || Thoughtful commentary included with each quote or paraphrase. || 4 ||
 * Works Cited || No works cited page included. || Works cited page is included but there are several errors. || Works cited page is included but there are a few formatting errors. || Works cited page is included and is correctly formatted. || 4 ||
 * Conventions || Difficult to understand. || Several errors. || A few errors. || Little to no errors in grammar, spelling or punctuation. || 4 ||

Paraphrase || No quotes or paraphrasing used. || Very few quotes or paraphrases included, no parenthetical references. || Some errors in quoting or paraphrasing and/or a few missing parenthetical references. || Several quotes and paraphrased pieces of information in each body paragraph, all with parenthetical references. || 4 || code code Works Cited code "Aboard the Underground Railraod." //Aboard the Underground Railroad//. National Parks Service's Divison code code of Publications, n.d. Web. 29 Mar. 2010. <http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/ code
 * My Ratings- || 1 || 2 || 3 || 4 || Score ||
 * Thesis || No thesis. || Thesis is present in introductory paragraph but is not well-written. || Thesis included in introductory paragraph is satisfactory if a bit obvious. || Thesis included in introductory paragraph is well-written and interesting. || 3 or 4 ||
 * Flow || Paper is difficult to read and understand. || Paper is full of short, choppy sentences and topic shifts with no transitions. || Some use of transitional words and phrases but the paper is a bit choppy at times. || Use of transitional words and phrases as well as topic sentences makes the paper easy to read from start to finish. || 3 or 4 ||
 * Quotes/
 * Commentary / “My Ideas” || No commentary. || Commentary lacking in a few places. || Commentary included with each quote or paraphrase, but it is a bit obvious or repetitive. || Thoughtful commentary included with each quote or paraphrase. || 4 ||
 * Works Cited || No works cited page included. || Works cited page is included but there are several errors. || Works cited page is included but there are a few formatting errors. || Works cited page is included and is correctly formatted. || 4 ||
 * Conventions || Difficult to understand. || Several errors. || A few errors. || Little to no errors in grammar, spelling or punctuation. || 4 ||

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code "Harriet Tubman." //Harriet Tubman//. PBS, n.d. Web. 29 Mar. 2010. . code

code Sawyer, Kem Knapp. //The Underground Railroad in American History//. New Jersey: Enslow, Inc., 1997. code

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code "The Underground Railraod:Myths of the Underground Railroad." //The Underground Railraod:Escape From// code

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